WINNIPEG FREE PRESS COLUMN: Debbie’s Law: a common-sense change

Imagine meeting with a specialist about some chest problems you’ve been having. After a few tests, you’re told you have a very serious heart problem and require surgery within three weeks.

You’re not told this at the time, but the system is backed up as staff are taking holidays. As a result, you’re going to have to wait more than three weeks for surgery — the system is gambling with your life.

Sadly, the example above is based on a true story — something Manitoba patient Debbie Fewster experienced last year. The mother of three, and grandmother of 10, felt chest pains in July, proceeded to have some tests shortly after and was told she required surgery within three weeks. Debbie waited and waited, ultimately lasting until Thanksgiving before passing away.

Debbie’s son told us that if they had known at the beginning that it would have taken so long for surgery that he and his sisters would have remortgaged their homes and scraped together money to pay for surgery abroad. Again, the system never told Debbie that it couldn’t provide treatment in time, so they never explored that option. Now that she is gone, there is a huge hole in the Fewster family, she meant everything to her kids and grandkids.

While some health reform options can be contentious, one policy solution that could help in situations like this is pretty straightforward. Politicians across the political spectrum should be able to get behind what we’ve called “Debbie’s Law.”

“Debbie’s Law” would require health regions to be up front with patients and let them know if they can’t provide potentially life-saving treatment within the recommended time frame. Patients could be advised that they may want to look outside the province for treatment.

This situation, of course, is not ideal.

No health system wants to tell a patient that it can’t provide treatment in time.

But what’s the alternative? Lead patients on? We know how that story ends — ask Debbie’s children.

Consider that governments impose very high taxes on the public in the name of quality health care, then fail to deliver treatment in a timely manner. At the same time, governments impose bans on private alternatives.

The least governments could do is be honest and upfront with patients.

While not all patients have the ability to scrape together funds to pay for treatment abroad, everyone would benefit from Debbie’s Law.

If patients are notified when life-saving treatment is not available within the recommended time frame, some would travel abroad for treatment and leave the government’s waitlist, allowing others to move up in the queue.

Perhaps the great irony in Debbie’s Law is that it would actually bring governments in line with what they require private businesses to do.

If a car company discovers a safety problem with a vehicle it manufactured, it is required to notify consumers.

Similarly, if a food distributor discovers e-coli on food products it has sold, it too must notify consumers.

So, if government health regions know their wait times for surgery are putting patient lives at risk, why don’t they have to notify patients? Rules for thee but not for me.

Debbie’s Law of course will not fix deeper problems in Canada’s health-care system. Broader reform is obviously needed. The fact that Canada has 10 provinces that are run by a mix of NDP, Liberal and Conservative parties — and not one of them is providing anything remotely close to exceptional health care — well, that demonstrates that the system itself needs reform.

But in the meantime, Debbie’s Law is a non-ideological solution that all parties should be able to get behind. Unless, of course, someone actually believes that patients should be kept in the dark.

Colin Craig is president of SecondStreet.org, a public policy think tank that worked with Debbie Fewster’s family to propose “Debbie’s Law.”

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Prevention – reduce demand in the first place

If Canadians lived healthier lives, we could reduce demand for emergency services, orthopaedic surgeries, primary care and more. 

For instance, if you visit the Canadian Cancer Society’s website, you’ll read that “about four in ten” cancer cases are preventable. The Heart and Stroke Foundation notes that “almost 80 percent of premature heart disease and stroke can be prevented through healthy behaviours.” A similar number of Diabetes cases are also preventable. 

Many joint replacements and visits to ERs and walk-in clinics could also be avoided through healthy living. 

To be sure, not all health problems can be avoided through healthy living – everyday the system treats Canadians with genetic conditions, helps those injured in unavoidable accidents and more.  

But there is an opportunity to reduce pressure on the health care system through Canadians shifting to healthier lifestyles – better diets, more exercise, etc. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see this column. 

Partner with non-profits and for-profit clinics

European countries will partner with anyone who can help patients. 

It doesn’t matter if it’s a non-profit, a government entity or a private clinic. What matters is that patients receive quality treatment, in a timely manner and for a competitive price.  

In Canada, governments often delivery services using government-run hospitals instead of seeing if non-profit or private clinics could deliver the services more effectively. 

When governments have partnered with non-profit and private clinics, the results have often been quite good – Saskatchewan, Ontario and British Columbia are just a few examples of where partnerships have worked well. 

Canada should pursue more of these partnerships to reduce wait times and increase the volume of services provided to patients.  

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see the links above. 

Make cross border care more accessible

In Canada, citizens pay high taxes each year and we’re promised universal health care services in return. The problem is, wait times are often extremely long in our health system – sometimes patients have to wait years to see a specialist or receive surgery. 

If patients don’t want to wait long periods, they often have to reach into their own pocket and pay for treatment outside the province or country. 

Throughout the European Union, we also find universal health care systems. But a key difference is that EU patients have the right to go to other EU countries, pay for surgery and then be reimbursed by their home government. Reimbursements cover up to what the patient’s home government would have spent to provide the treatment locally. 

If Canada copied this approach, a patient waiting a year to get their hip operation could instead receive treatment next week in one of thousands of surgical clinics throughout the developed world. 

Governments benefit too as the patient is now back on their feet and avoiding complications that sometimes come with long wait times – meaning the government doesn’t have to treat those complications on top of the initial health problem. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or this shorter video. 

Legalize access to non-government providers

Canada is the only country in the world that puts up barriers, or outright bans patients from paying for health services locally. 

For instance, a patient in Toronto cannot pay for a hip operation at a private clinic in Toronto. Their only option is to wait for the government to eventually provide treatment or leave the province and pay elsewhere. 

Countries with better-performing universal health care systems do not have such bans. They allow patients a choice – use the public system or pay privately for treatment. Sweden, France, Australia and more – they all allow choice. 

Why? One reason is that allowing choice means some patients will decide to pay privately. This takes pressure off the public system. For instance, in Sweden, 87% of patients use the public system, but 13% purchase private health insurance. 

Ultimately, more choice improves access for patients. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or watch this short clip on this topic. 

Shift to funding services for patients, not bureaucracies

In Canada, most hospitals receive a cheque from the government each year and are then asked to do their best to help patients. This approach is known as “block funding”. 

Under this model, a patient walking in the door represents a drain on the hospital’s budget. Over the course of a year, hospital administrators have to make sure the budget stretches out so services are rationed. This is why you might have to wait until next year or the year after for a hip operation, knee operation, etc. 

In better-performing universal health systems, they take the opposite approach – hospitals receive money from the government each time they help a patient. If a hospital completes a knee operation, it might receive, say, $10,000. If it completes a knee operation on another patient, it receives another $10,000. 

This model incentivizes hospitals to help more patients – to help more patients with knee operations, cataract surgery, etc. This approach also incentivizes hospitals to spend money on expenses that help patients (e.g. more doctors, nurses, equipment, etc.) rather than using the money on expenses that don’t help patients (e.g. more admin staff). 

To learn more about this policy option, please watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see this post by MEI.