Queen's Park in summer

REPORT: Legal Roadmap to Private Health Options in Ontario

June 11, 2026

Secondstreet.org lays out a legal pathway for private health options in Ontario.

June 11, 2026

  •  Ontario could improve access to health care by moving towards European models where patients have a choice: use the public system or pay privately

A new report from the think tank SecondStreet.org identifies seven changes the Ontario provincial government could make to improve access to non-government health care. If implemented, Ontarians would have a choice just like European patients: use the public system or pay for treatment at non-government facilities.

SecondStreet.org previously contracted the legal firm Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP to determine changes to the Canada Health Act to remove the federal government’s barriers on choice in health care. However, there are also significant barriers at the provincial level. The new changes identified by Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP would bring Ontario closer to Sweden, France, Germany and other European countries that allow more choices for patients.

“Despite the well-documented deterioration of Ontario’s public health care system, provincial laws continue to limit, or outright prohibit, the emergence of meaningful private alternatives,” said Bacchus Barua, Research Director at SecondStreet.org.”Currently someone in Toronto can’t pay for something like a hip operation in Toronto. No other developed nation has such a ban.”

Key reforms would allow for the establishment of new private hospitals, remove the prohibition on non-government insurance options for medically necessary services, and allow physicians to accept payments from sources other than the public insurance plan.

“Ontario could reduce wait times if it gave patients more choices just like European countries do,” added SecondStreet.org President Colin Craig. “By keeping the public system, but allowing patients to pay for treatment at non-government facilities if they want to, the government could reduce pressure on government hospitals.”

The report notes that more than 100,000 Canadians have died while on waiting lists for treatment since 2018, while an estimated 3.7 million Canadians are on wait lists as of 2025.

To view the report – click here

Share this Story

Help spread the message and make real change by sharing this story with your network.

Facebook
X
Email

How You Can Take Action

Whether you donate, speak up, or share our work, every action strengthens the push for better policies in health care, education, and everyday life. When Canadians get involved, leaders pay attention—and real reform becomes possible.

Related Stories

June 11, 2026
Secondstreet.org lays out a legal pathway for private health options in Ontario.
June 10, 2026
New SecondStreet.org research shows that British Columbian taxpayers are footing the bill for tourists' health treatments.
June 8, 2026
New SecondStreet.org research shows that British Columbian taxpayers are footing the bill for tourists' health treatments.

Join 20,000+ Canadians in our movement for a better Canada.

Name(Required)
Select Your Interests(Required)
Consent(Required)

Prevention – reduce demand in the first place

If Canadians lived healthier lives, we could reduce demand for emergency services, orthopaedic surgeries, primary care and more. 

For instance, if you visit the Canadian Cancer Society’s website, you’ll read that “about four in ten” cancer cases are preventable. The Heart and Stroke Foundation notes that “almost 80 percent of premature heart disease and stroke can be prevented through healthy behaviours.” A similar number of Diabetes cases are also preventable. 

Many joint replacements and visits to ERs and walk-in clinics could also be avoided through healthy living. 

To be sure, not all health problems can be avoided through healthy living – everyday the system treats Canadians with genetic conditions, helps those injured in unavoidable accidents and more.  

But there is an opportunity to reduce pressure on the health care system through Canadians shifting to healthier lifestyles – better diets, more exercise, etc. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see this column. 

Partner with non-profits and for-profit clinics

European countries will partner with anyone who can help patients. 

It doesn’t matter if it’s a non-profit, a government entity or a private clinic. What matters is that patients receive quality treatment, in a timely manner and for a competitive price.  

In Canada, governments often delivery services using government-run hospitals instead of seeing if non-profit or private clinics could deliver the services more effectively. 

When governments have partnered with non-profit and private clinics, the results have often been quite good – Saskatchewan, Ontario and British Columbia are just a few examples of where partnerships have worked well. 

Canada should pursue more of these partnerships to reduce wait times and increase the volume of services provided to patients.  

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see the links above. 

Make cross border care more accessible

In Canada, citizens pay high taxes each year and we’re promised universal health care services in return. The problem is, wait times are often extremely long in our health system – sometimes patients have to wait years to see a specialist or receive surgery. 

If patients don’t want to wait long periods, they often have to reach into their own pocket and pay for treatment outside the province or country. 

Throughout the European Union, we also find universal health care systems. But a key difference is that EU patients have the right to go to other EU countries, pay for surgery and then be reimbursed by their home government. Reimbursements cover up to what the patient’s home government would have spent to provide the treatment locally. 

If Canada copied this approach, a patient waiting a year to get their hip operation could instead receive treatment next week in one of thousands of surgical clinics throughout the developed world. 

Governments benefit too as the patient is now back on their feet and avoiding complications that sometimes come with long wait times – meaning the government doesn’t have to treat those complications on top of the initial health problem. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or this shorter video. 

Legalize access to non-government providers

Canada is the only country in the world that puts up barriers, or outright bans patients from paying for health services locally. 

For instance, a patient in Toronto cannot pay for a hip operation at a private clinic in Toronto. Their only option is to wait for the government to eventually provide treatment or leave the province and pay elsewhere. 

Countries with better-performing universal health care systems do not have such bans. They allow patients a choice – use the public system or pay privately for treatment. Sweden, France, Australia and more – they all allow choice. 

Why? One reason is that allowing choice means some patients will decide to pay privately. This takes pressure off the public system. For instance, in Sweden, 87% of patients use the public system, but 13% purchase private health insurance. 

Ultimately, more choice improves access for patients. 

To learn more, watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or watch this short clip on this topic. 

Shift to funding services for patients, not bureaucracies

In Canada, most hospitals receive a cheque from the government each year and are then asked to do their best to help patients. This approach is known as “block funding”. 

Under this model, a patient walking in the door represents a drain on the hospital’s budget. Over the course of a year, hospital administrators have to make sure the budget stretches out so services are rationed. This is why you might have to wait until next year or the year after for a hip operation, knee operation, etc. 

In better-performing universal health systems, they take the opposite approach – hospitals receive money from the government each time they help a patient. If a hospital completes a knee operation, it might receive, say, $10,000. If it completes a knee operation on another patient, it receives another $10,000. 

This model incentivizes hospitals to help more patients – to help more patients with knee operations, cataract surgery, etc. This approach also incentivizes hospitals to spend money on expenses that help patients (e.g. more doctors, nurses, equipment, etc.) rather than using the money on expenses that don’t help patients (e.g. more admin staff). 

To learn more about this policy option, please watch our Health Reform Now documentary (scroll up) or see this post by MEI.